From Waste to Watts: How Taiwan Taps Biomass Energy in Composting Processes

Anaerobic digestion is a biological process where microorganisms break down organic matter in the absence of oxygen, producing biogas, a renewable energy source . This process offers a dual benefit: reducing landfill usage and generating renewable energy . In Taiwan, anaerobic digestion of organic waste was introduced in the 1990s, but has yet to gain widespread popularity.

CHP systems utilize biogas, primarily the methane component, to produce both electricity and heat . This offers higher efficiency and environmental advantages over traditional waste management methods . The heat generated can be used for various purposes, such as maintaining the digester temperature or heating nearby buildings .

Taiwan has plans for anaerobic biological treatment centers for food waste in Taipei, Taoyuan, and Taichung. However, the scale of these projects is currently limited. There is a need for larger-scale implementations and partnerships with energy companies to maximize the potential of biogas production.

The Taiwanese government has set targets for renewable energy and carbon reduction, which can incentivize biogas projects. However, there is a need for clearer regulations and incentives specifically for biogas production from organic waste.

Capital expenditures and the need for technical expertise are challenges in implementing biogas projects . However, the growing role of energy recovery in Taiwan’s circular economy framework presents significant opportunities for expanding biogas production and utilization. By overcoming challenges and promoting collaboration, Taiwan can further optimize its composting processes and contribute to a more sustainable and energy-independent future.  

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